Eversio Wellness sends MUCH GRATITUDE to the many scientists, doctors and researchers who are highlighted below.  Our ancestors had deep cultural connections to fungi, but today they remain understudied and often misunderstood by much of modern society.  It is our hope that an emerging and renewed interest in mushrooms as medicine and continued research will help more citizens realize the potential they hold for the future of our planet and its people.

 

TURKEY TAIL

 RESEARCH + STUDIES

• Standish LJ, Wenner CA, Sweet ES, et al. Trametes versicolor mushroom immune therapy in breast cancer. J Soc Integr Oncol. 2008;6(3):122-128.

• Polysaccharide krestin is a novel TLR2 agonist that mediates inhibition of tumor growth via stimulation of CD8 T cells and NK cells. 2011 Jan 1;17(1):67-76. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-1763.Epub 2010 Nov 10. 

• A review of research on the protein-bound polysaccharide (polysaccharopeptide, PSP) from the mushroom Coriolus versicolor (Basidiomycetes: Polyporaceae)  Gen Pharmcol. 1998 Jan;30(1):1-4. doi: 10.1016/s0306-3623(97)00076-1. T B Ng

• Polysaccharide K and Coriolus versicolor extracts for lung cancer: a systematic review. Integr Cancer Ther. 2015 May;14(3):201-11. doi: 10.1177/153473541557 2883.  Epub 2015 Mar 17. Heidi Fritz

• Medicinal Value of Turkey Tail Fungus Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Pilát (Aphyllophoromycetideae). A Literature Review - Christopher R. HobbsInstitute for Natural Products Research, Davis, California, USA International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, Vol. 6, pp. 195–218 (2004)

 

LION'S MANE

 RESEARCH + STUDIES

• Mori K, Obara Y, Moriya T, Inatomi S, Nakahata N. Effects of Hericium erinaceus on amyloid β(25-35) peptide-induced learning and memory deficits in mice. Biomed Res. 2011 Feb;32(1):67-72. doi: 10.2220/biomedres.32.67. PMID: 21383512.

• Journal of Medicinal Food Vol. 21, No. 2 - Hericium erinaceus Extract Reduces Anxiety and Depressive Behaviors by Promoting Hippocampal Neurogenesis in the Adult Mouse Brain Sun Ryu, Hyoun Geun Kim, Joo Youn Kim, Seong Yun Kim, and Kyung-Ok Cho - Published Online:1 Feb 2018.

• Mori K, Inatomi S, Ouchi K, Azumi Y, Tuchida T. Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2009;23:367–72.

• Lai, P. L.; Naidu, M.; Sabaratnam, V.; Wong, K. H.; David, R. P.; Kuppusamy, U. R.; Abdullah, N.; Malek, S. N. Neurotrophic properties of the Lion’s Mane medicinal mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (higher Basidiomycetes) from Malaysia. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms. 2013;15:539−554.

• Wong KH, Naidu M, David RP, Abdulla MA, Abdullah N, Kuppusamy UR, et al. Peripheral nerve regeneration following crush injury to rat peroneal nerve by aqueous extract of medicinal mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr) Pers. (Aphyllophoromycetideae). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;580752.

• Ma BJ, Shen JW, Yu HY, Ruan Y, Wu TT, Zhao Z, Hericenones and erinacines: stimulators of nerve growth factor (NGF) biosynthesis in Hericium erinaceus, Mycology. 2010;1:92–98.

• Lee JS, Min KM, Cho JY, Hong EK. Study of macrophage activation and structural characteristics of purified polysaccharides from the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2009;19:951–9.

• Kim SP, Kang MY, Choi YH, Kim JH, Nam SH, Friedman M. Mechanism of Hericium erinaceus (Yamabushitake) mushroom-induced apoptosis of U937 human monocytic leukemia cells. Food Funct. 2011;2:348–56.

• Mizuno T, Wasa T, Ito H, Suzuki C, Ukai N, Antitumor-active polysaccharides isolated from the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceum, an edible and medicinal mushroom called yamabushitake or houtou, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 1992;56:347–348.

• Zan XY, Cui FJ, Li YH, Yang Y, Wu D et al. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide-protein HEG-5 inhibits SGC-7901 cell growth via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2015;76:242–253.

•  Kim, M. K.; Choi, W. Y.; Lee, H. Y. Enhancement of the neuroprotective activity of Hericium erinaceus mycelium co-cultivated with Allium sativum extract. Arch. Physiol. Biochem. 2015;121:19−25.

• Wong KH, Naidu M, David RP, Bakar R, Sabaratnam V. Neuroregenerative potential of Lion’s Mane mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. (higher Basidiomycetes), in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury (review). Int. J. Med. Mushrooms. 2012;14:427−446.

• Mori, K.; Obara, Y.; Hirota, M.; Azumi, Y.; Kinugasa, S.; Inatomi, S.; Nakahata, N. Nerve growth factor-inducing activity of Hericium erinaceus in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2008;31:1727−1732.

• Wong KH, Sabaratnam V, Abdullah N, Kuppusamy UR, Naidu M. Effects of cultivation techniques and processing on antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Hericium erinaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Pers. extracts. Food Technol Biotechnol. 2009;47:47–55.

• Lee, KF, Chen, JH, Teng, CC, Shen, CH, Hsieh, MC, et al. Protective effects of Hericium erinaceus mycelium and its isolated erinacine A against ischemia-injury-induced neuronal cell death via the inhibition of iNOS/p38 MAPK and nitrotyrosine. Int. J.Mol. Sci. 2014;15:15073−15089.

• Nagano M, Shimizu K, Kondo R, Hayashi C, Sato D, Kitagawa K, et al. Reduction of depression and anxiety by 4 weeks Hericium erinaceus intake. Biomed Res. 2010;31:231–7.

• Zhu Y, Chen Y, Li Q, Zhao T, Zhang M, Feng W, et al. Preparation, characterization, and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bi3+-Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide complex. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014;110:231−237.

 

CORDYCEPS

RESEARCH + STUDIES

• Eunhyun Choi, Junsang Oh & Gi-Ho Sung (2020) Beneficial Effect of Cordyceps militaris on Exercise Performance via Promoting Cellular Energy Production, Mycobiology, 48:6, 512-517, DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1831135
•  
• Jiraungkoorskul, Kanitta, and Wannee Jiraungkoorskul. “Review of Naturopathy of Medical Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps Sinensis, in Sexual Dysfunction.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 10,19 (2016): 1-5. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.176566

• Shin, S., et al., Role of Cordycepin and Adenosine on the Phenotypic Switch of Macrophages via Induced Anti-inflammatory Cytokines. Immune Netw, 2009. 9 (6): p. 255-64.

• Greenwood, V. The worms that cost $20,000 a kilo. BBC Future 2016 [cited 2020 March 20]

• Cai, H., et al., Extracts of Cordyceps sinensis inhibit breast cancer cell metastasis via down-regulation of metastasis-related cytokines expression. J Ethnopharmacol, 2018. 214: p. 106-112.

• Guo, Z., et al., Cordycepin suppresses the migration and invasion of human liver cancer cells by downregulating the expression of CXCR4. Int J Mol Med, 2020. 45(1): p. 141-150.

• An, Y., et al., Cordycepin reduces weight through regulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Lipids Health Dis, 2018. 17(1): p. 276.

• Zheng, Y., L. Li, and T. Cai, Cordyceps polysaccharide ameliorates airway inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced mouse model of asthma via TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 2020. 276: p. 103412.

• Wang, N., et al., Herbal Medicine Cordyceps sinensis Improves Health-Related Quality of Life in Moderate-to-Severe Asthma. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016. 2016: p. 6134593.

• Zhao, H., et al., Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Effects of Acidic-Extractable Polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris on Type 2 Diabetes Mice. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2018. 2018: p. 9150807.

• Li, B., et al., 3'-Deoxyadenosine (Cordycepin) Produces a Rapid and Robust Antidepressant Effect via Enhancing Prefrontal AMPA Receptor Signaling Pathway. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 2016. 19(4).

 

REISHI

RESEARCH + STUDIES

• Cui XY, Cui SY, Zhang J, Wang ZJ, Yu B, Sheng ZF, Zhang XQ, Zhang YH. Extract of Ganoderma lucidum prolongs sleep time in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Feb 15;139(3):796-800. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.020. Epub 2011 Dec 21. PMID: 22207209.

• Borchers A. T, Stern J. S, Hackman R. M, Keen C. L, Gershwin M. E. Minireview: Mushrooms, tumors and immunity. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999;221:281–93.

• Miyazaki T, Nishijima M. Studies on fungal polysaccharides. XXVII. Structural examination of a water-soluble, antitumor polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum. Chem Pharm Bull. 1981;29:3611–16.

• Mallard B, Leach D. N, Wohlmuth H, Tiralongo J. Synergistic immuno-modulatory activity in human macrophages of a medicinal mushroom formulation consisting of Reishi, Shiitake and Maitake. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(11).

• Jiang J, Slivova V, Valachovicova T, Harvey K, Sliva D. Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells PC-3. Int J Oncol. 2004;24:1093–9.

• Cao Q. Z, Lin Z. B. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide inhibits the growth of vascular endothelial cell and the induction of VEGF in human lung cancer cell. Life Sci. 2006;78:1457–63.

• Hong K. J, Dunn D. M, Shen C. L, Pence B. C. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum on apoptotic and anti-inflammatory function in HT-29 human colonic carcinoma cells. Phytother Res. 2004;18:768–70.

• Gao Y. H, Zhou S. F, Jiang W. Q, Huang M, Sai X. H. Effects of Ganopoly (a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract) on immune functions in advanced-stage cancer patients. Immunol Invest. 2003;32:201–15.

• Kuo M. C, Weng C. Y, Ha C. L, Wu M. J. Ganoderma lucidum mycelia enhance innate immunity by activating NF-kappaB. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006;103:217–22.

• El-Mekkawy S, Meselhy M. R, Nakamura N, editors. et al. Anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-1-protease substances from Ganoderma lucidum. Phytochemistry. 1998;49:1651–7.

• Oh K. W, Lee C. K, Kim Y. S, Eo S. K, Han S. S. Antiherpetic activities of acidic protein bound polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum alone and in combination with Acyclovir and Vidarabine. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000;72:221–7.

 

 OTHER REFERENCES USED TO CREATE OUR CONTENT

 

• Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. 2nd edition. - 2011 - Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi or Reishi) - A Medicinal Mushroom - Sissi Wachtel-Galor, John Yuen, John A. Buswell, and Iris F. F. Benzie. 

• Akramiene D, Kondrotas A, Didziapetriene J, Kevelaitis E. Effects of beta-glucans on the immune system. Medicina (Kaunas). 2007;43(8):597-606. PMID: 17895634. 

• Giorgio Camilli, Guillaume Tabouret and Jessica Quintin The Complexity of Fungal β-Glucan in Health and Disease: Effects on the Mononuclear Phagocyte System - Immunology of Fungal Infections, Department of Mycology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France - Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP, ENVT, IHAP, Toulouse, France 

• ScienceDirect. (2019, November 20). Preventative and therapeutic effect of Ganoderma lucidum on kidney injuries and diseases. 

• restorativemedicine.org. Reishi Mushroom, Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) 

• Reference Medscape. Reishi (Herb/Suppl) ganoderma lucidum, ling chih.